Ma Ding, The European Reformation and the Rise of the Swiss Watch Industry

　　The watch industry occupied a significant position in the development of the Swiss industry. It is notable that the foundation period of the Swiss watch industry just coincided with the religious reform in Europe. From the beginning to the rapid development, the Swiss watch industry finally became a unique ‘kingdom of clocks’in the world, all of which had close relation with the European Reformation The Reformation provided opportunities for the clock industry to build and develop in Switzerland. On the one hand, some laws passed during the Reformation eliminated the challenge from the jewellery industry which was the strong competitor of the watch industry, turning the jewellery craftsmen into the potential technicians in the watch industry. On the other hand, the French refugees who were persecuted in the Reformation brought advanced technique, vast capital, excellent talents, sales network, etc. for the rise of the Swiss watch industry. In addition, the Reformation exerted its influence on the Swiss people's ideology from the spiritual level and created the persistent Swiss craftsman's spirit. Conclusively, the Reformation not only provided positive factors for the long term development of the Swiss watch industry, but also promoted the development of urbanization and other industries in Switzerland, greatly impacting the modern economy and society of Switzerland.