任 震：美中学术交流委员会与中美学术交流（1966-1996）
2013-01-10
摘 要
美中学术交流委员会是1966年由美国学者发起成立的旨在促进对华交流的非政府机构。1966到1971年间，它为建立两国学术界之间的联系做出了巨大努力；1972到1996年间，它通过组织代表团访问、资助两国学者赴对方国家进行学术交流以及与中国学术机构开展专业性领域的合作项目等形式开展对华学术交流活动。
通过对“邹平区域研究项目”的个案分析，我们可以发现：在20世纪80年代初期的中美学术交流中，两国间的政治关系以及在政治文化、语言和文化背景上的巨大差异都是不可逾越的障碍；通过实地考察，美国学者逐渐认识到一个真实的中国，修正了一些对中国的印象偏差；在长期蹲点调研的过程中，美国学者看到了改革开放给中国社会、经济带来的巨大变化，并注意到在此过程中产生的一些社会问题；通过切身体会，美国学者认识到和中国保持良好关系的重要性，并对美国政府的对华政策制定产生了一定的影响。
回顾1966到1996年间美中学术交流委员会与中国进行学术交流的历史，作者得出以下结论：中美学术交流对于中美两国的学术发展均有裨益；进行学术交流有助于消除两国的误解；此外，中美学术交流也可以与中美政治交流形成良好互动。
Abstract
The Committee on Scholarly Communications with China was a NGO formed by some American academics to create a channel for scholarly communication with the People’s Republic of China. Between 1966 and 1971, it had mad a great effort to establish the academic relations between our two countries. Between 1972 and 1996, it developed academic exchanges through different forms such as sending delegations, financing scholars to have mutual visit, and carrying out cooperation with the Chinese academic institutions.
Through the case study on “the Research Project of Zouping Area”, we have found that in early Sino-US academic exchanges, there was impassable barrier in political relations, different political culture, different languages and cultural background. The American academics gradually recognized a real China, making correction on some bias in their previous impression. In the long-time field study, they observed revolutionary changes in Chinese society and economy since the reform and opening to the outside world, and some problems emerged along with the reform. They also recognized the importance of maintaining good relations between China and the United States and at the same time kept influencing the US government in China policy making.
Through an overview of the academic communication between CSCPRC and China between 1966 and 1996, we can find: the Sino-America academic exchanges benefit both the Chinese and the American academia. The academic exchanges help to eliminate the misunderstanding between the two countries and also form a good interaction between Sino-American political exchanges.